CUBISM
( Beginning in 1908 )
Cubism is the most radical,
innovative, and influential ism of twentieth-century art. It is complete denial
of Classical conception of beauty.
Cubism was the joint invention
of two men, Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. Their achievement was built the
foundation of Picasso's early work then developed to a Synthetic Cubism. As the
various phases of Cubism emerged from their studios, it became clear to the art
world that something of great significance was happening. The radical
innovations of the new style confused the public, but the avant-garde saw in
them the future of art and new challenge.
Proportions, organic integrity
and continuity of life samples and material objects are abandoned. Canvas
resembles "a field of broken glass" as one vicious critic noted. This
geometrically analytical approach to form and color, and shattering of object
in focus into geometrical sharp-edged angular pieces baptized the movement into
'Cubism'. A close look reveals very methodical destruction or rather
deconstruction into angular 3-dymensional shaded facets, some of which are
caving others convex. Cubism distrusts "whole" images perceived by
the retina, considers them artificial and conventional, based on the influence
of past art. It rejects these images and recognizes that perspective space is
an illusory, rational invention, or a sign system inherited from works of art
since the Renaissance.
Instead of an image of external
world we are given a world of its own, analogous to nature but built along
different principles. Cubism seeks to reproduce different perspectives or forms
simultaneously, as they might be seen by the mind's eye. It attempts to mimic the
mind's power to abstract and synthesize its different impressions of the world
into new 'wholes'.
Among numerous responses on
these Cubistic challenges some artists put these innovations into the service
of a less radical art, or at the other end of the spectrum was the radical
painting of Robert Delaunay who attempted to take an antisocial Analytic Cubism
into a wholly different direction. Among other twentieth century's isms emerged
as responses on challenge of Cubism were Futurism, Suprematism, Constructivism,
Rayonism, Abstraction, and Precisionism.
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